Surgery to the patellofemoral joint (where the kneecap rubs against the thigh bone) is indicated for either anterior knee pain or patella dislocations.
For both indications non-operative treatment is usually attempted first. This involves a prolonged exercise programme to strengthen the inner quadriceps muscle and stretch the lateral structures of the knee. Occasionally, orthotics and braces will be used to assist with alignment. Often your surgeon will involve a physiotherapist to supervise and facilitate this programme.
If non-operative treatment fails there are two types of surgery considered. Soft tissue surgery with possible release of tight lateral structures and reconstruction of damaged medial ligaments. Alternatively bony realignment surgery with medialisation of the tibial tubercle can be considered. This decision is individualised to the patient and your surgeon will discuss the options with you.
