This procedure removes the damaged cartilage and bone from the hip joint and replaces it with artificial components. The hip is a ball and socket joint in which the head of the femur is the ball and the pelvic acetabulum forms the socket. The joint surface is covered by a smooth articular cartilage, which acts as a cushion and enables smooth movements of the joint.
A number of diseases and conditions can cause damage to the articular cartilage. The most common cause is osteoarthritis.
Total hip replacement surgery is an option to relieve severe arthritis pain that limits your daily activities.
Indications
Total hip replacement may be recommended, if conservative treatment options such as anti-inflammatory medications and exercise therapy do not relieve the symptoms. Indications include:
- Pain
- Stiffness – often making it difficult to walk standing up straight
- Poor function with normal activities due to the above indications
Procedure
The surgery is performed under either spinal or general anesthesia. The surface of the socket is cleaned and the damaged or arthritic bone is removed. The acetabular component is inserted into the socket. The femur or thigh bone is then prepared by removing the arthritic bone, to exactly fit the new metal femoral component. The femoral component is then inserted to the femur either by a press fit or using bone cement. Then the femoral head component made of metal or ceramic is placed on the femoral stem. All the new parts are secured in place. The muscles and tendons around the new joint are repaired and the incision is closed.
Total hip replacement is the most successful orthopedic procedure performed for patients. This procedure can relieve pain, restore function, improve your movements at work and play, and provide you with a better quality of life.
